How Did TVs Become So Cheap? A Brief Look At The Evolution Of The Technology

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Buying a new TV used to be a mini life event. It meant multiple trips to the electronics store, plenty of negotiations, and a whole lot of credit card anxiety — because these things were pricey. In 2005, a 40-inch Sony LCD would set you back around $4,000. These days, you can score a 55-inch 4K flat screen for under $500. No fanfare, no financing plan.

And the real twist is, TVs are one of the only things getting cheaper. At a time when the price of eggs, rent, and even children’s toys have skyrocketed, TVs have done the opposite. According to the American Enterprise Institute, TV prices have dropped 97% since the year 2000, which is more than any other product on the market.

So what gives? How did TVs go from being a luxury item to an affordable staple in every home?

To answer that, we’ll need to take a look at the evolution of TV technology and unpack the key shifts — technological, economic, and strategic — that have made modern TVs shockingly budget-friendly. Here’s how it all started, what changed, and why a 60-inch 4K screen is now cheaper than your last night out.

The tech got better

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Before TVs were featherlight wall fixtures, they were chunky cubes powered by cathode-ray tube (CRT) technology. And CRTs weren’t just bulky — they were also really complex. They worked by firing electron beams onto a phosphor-coated screen, which required thick glass, heavy metals, and precision engineering. That meant limited screen sizes (rarely over 40 inches), high production costs, and major shipping headaches. If you wanted something bigger, your only option was a short-lived tech called rear projection — but that’s a story for another day. Then flat-panel displays came along, and everything changed.

In the early 2000s, LCD and plasma screens began to replace CRTs (although these retro TVs are now making a comeback). They didn’t need a giant vacuum tube to function, and instead used liquid crystals or gas cells sandwiched between thin panes of glass to create images, drastically cutting down on size and weight. No tubes, no bloated backs, no need for deep cabinets to house the tech. And this core process has stayed the same even as TV tech evolved — from edge-lit LED to ultra-thin OLED.

Sure, the first wave of flat-panel TVs in the late ’90s and early 2000s didn’t come cheap. Fujitsu’s 42-inch plasma display, one of the earliest on the market in 1997, sold for around $15,000 with installation included. But manufacturers would soon crack the production code that took flat panels from premium, high-end design to a mass-market staple.

Manufacturing got efficient

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TVs got sleeker with flat panels, but it was the production scale that made them cheaper. Of course, manufacturers weren’t aiming to make TVs cheaper out of generosity. They were trying to make more of them, faster, and stay competitive doing it — and that pressure sparked some serious production wizardry.

One of the biggest breakthroughs was a giant sheet of glass called mother glass. Imagine a cookie factory: instead of baking each cookie one by one, you roll out one big sheet and punch out dozens at a time. Same logic here. The larger the mother glass, the more screens you can carve from a single sheet. And since the LED panel is the most expensive part of a modern TV, this method significantly lowered the cost per unit.

Early flat panels still required delicate work, but automation soon stepped in and made production even more efficient. Robotics, leaner supply chains, and globalized component sourcing all helped streamline the build. Factories in China and South Korea especially ramped up, leading to economies of scale that made TVs cheaper to build, ship, and sell.

Even design changes played a part: thinner bezels, lighter frames, and modular components meant fewer materials and faster assembly. Once production costs dropped, every brand scrambled to outdo the next in features, sizes, and of course, price tags.

The market got competitive

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Once the cost of making TVs started to drop, the real battle moved to the sales floor. New players like TCL, Hisense, and Vizio challenged industry giants not by going premium, but by going practical. They focused on value: solid performance at rock-bottom prices. Retailers leaned in hard. Big-box stores and e-commerce platforms alike began pricing TVs aggressively, sometimes even selling them at a loss just to boost foot traffic or online conversions.

But affordability wasn’t just a strategy — it was a gateway. With the rise of smart TVs, manufacturers unlocked an entirely new revenue stream: user data. Every show you pause, app you launch, or search you type feeds into a technology called Automatic Content Recognition (ACR), which quietly tracks viewing behavior across platforms. That information gets packaged and sold to advertisers, streaming services, and data brokers eager to fine-tune their targeting.

In other words, the profit model flipped. TVs no longer needed to make money only at the point of sale. The goal became distribution at scale — get as many screens into as many homes as possible, then let the data do the heavy lifting. That’s why today’s TV pricing feels too good to be true. In a way, it is. You’re getting a massive screen for next to nothing, but the trade-off is that your TV may be watching you right back. Some good news, however, is that there are settings you can tweak on your smart TV to prevent it from spying on you.

The upgrade economy

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Big TV may have driven prices down on the production side of things, but they still needed consumers to keep demand alive. And they do. No one needs a new TV every couple of years, yet consumers continue to swap out perfectly good sets for bigger screens, sharper resolution, or a slimmer design. It’s not just about better tech. It’s also about how we think – or are influenced to. Much like phones, TVs have become lifestyle statements. Every new release promises just enough improvement to make last year’s model feel behind. And with flashy displays, limited-time deals, and some savvy marketing, brands have gotten really good at nudging us toward upgrades we didn’t plan on.

There’s also the pull of the “hedonic treadmill,” a concept that can be summed up pretty simply: Once we get used to a new level of comfort or quality, it quickly becomes the new normal. The 40-inch HDTV you loved a few years ago now feels tiny next to a 65-inch 4K screen — even if it still works just fine. And since prices are low, there’s almost no mental barrier to getting the upgrade. Holiday sales sweeten the pot even further. Each year, many retailers cut prices to lure shoppers, and the cycle begins all over again. The result is a steady churn of demand, higher sales volume, and ultimately, lower prices across the board.

So, there you have it. At the end of the day, TVs got cheaper because it made sense for everyone — for the companies building them, for the stores selling them, and for the people like you who kept coming back for more.